Abruptio Placentae
Basics
Description
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Rupture of vessels in the decidua basalis leading to premature separation of the normally implanted placenta occurring after 20 weeks gestation but prior to delivery of the infant
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Incidence/prevalence:
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Approximately 1% of all pregnancies
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30% of bleeding episodes in the second half of pregnancy
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15% of all fetal deaths
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6% of all maternal morality. Risk of recurrence 10รข€“20%
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Risk factors:
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Maternal hypertension (>140/90)
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Trauma
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Increased parity
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Previous abruption
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Tobacco use
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Cocaine abuse
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Preterm premature rupture of membranes, especially if associated with intrauterine infection or oligohydramnios
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Polyhydramnios with rapid decompression on membrane rupture
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Precipitous first twin delivery endangers second twin.
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Fibroids or other uterine or placental abnormalities
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Genetics
Inherited
thrombophilias also increase the risk of abruption (factor V Leiden
